New words
Nihilism: total rejection of social mores. Belief that nothing is worth while, disbelief in objective truth, belief in destruction of authority.
Proliferate: increase greatly, reproduce rapidly
Mimesis: Arts imitation of life
Epistemological: theory of knowledge
Impetus: push or force.
Words used to describe Post-Modernist art
Playful, exuberant, democratic, surfiction, metafiction, self-reflexive, nonlinear, alienation effect, eclecticism, pastiche, parody, warning of effect, colness, blankness, apathy, formalism, ambiguity, a critique of realism, implosive and dedifferentiating, multiperspectival, puns and parody, innovativeness, detachment, distance, mass produced, politics, culture, everyday life, illusionistic, theatrical, decorative, literary.
Appropriation, hybridization, eclecticism,
Ludic Postmodernism
In literature, the ludic postmodernists were primarily concerned with the form and play of language, and adoptive sportive, ironic, self-reflective, “metafunctional” techniques that flaunt artifice and emphasize the act of writing over the word.
The ludic post modernists added every day objects into their works of art, and also returned to representation and historical images and references. Post modernists wanted to create a new world of art by using what had already been used. They wanted to create three-dimensional surfaces. They used bizarre shapes and forms and worked with violent colours.
Here the artist is just as important as the viewer, there is a powerful connection between the artist and the viewer, the artwork changes as soon as there is a different person looking at the artwork.
Collages were made with pieces of everyday items, scraps lying around, newspapers, found objects and images of traditional art. And all thrown together a seemingly random and disorganised fashion, anything could be put into an artwork, it was what the artwork meant, the message the artwork is saying that was most important, not what it appeared to look like.
Post modernists created different mixed media artworks, and there was no singular personal genre in the artworks, the artists would mix all the different genres together in on artwork, and the audience became participants of the artwork.
Artists used commercial objects, and the faces of famous people, ie Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley, political figures, they were representations of representations. Art was about the consumer of society, mass production played a big part, Warhol said he could create wore works of art in one day then Picasso could make in his entire life. Technology also had a huge influence on the art world. Art itself was a question of images. Much post modern painting replicates this ludic play with existing capitalist and media culture.
Post modern artists intend to show how all meanings are socially and historically constructed post modern was about sound and sight.
Postmodernism of resistance
This acknowledges it’s self –referential status but also seeks to engage political issues and to change the existing society.
Artists used their works as a sign f rebellion against traditional academic and classical format, put new subject matter and forms into heir works. They thought that the artist was a hero and that the artist was a genius and a hero and all that mattered when it came to the painting.
Collages’ materials were so organised and carefully put together so that they looked so pretty and well put together, they wanted a sense of harmony to be shown in their artworks.
Artists wanted to show a variation in all the different mediums of art, and each singular artwork had it’s own personal autonomous meaning behind it, and they had different genres the different works of art.
Tuesday, May 6, 2008
Assignment 3
Lecture 4: Modernity in Art and Design
Readings:
Williams, R., Art Theory: An historical introduction, Blackwell, 2004.
Question 1
Why, according to Modern Design text, did products become more streamlined and machine-like?
Products became more streamlined and machine like due to the increase in industrial designers. Another influence was based on economic decisions, standardisation and obsolescence. Style changed changes less significant and less often. The standardisation was largely influenced by economics, more streamlined , economics of scale, greater profits made mass production become easier. Products were made of new materials: plastics, composition, veneers, alimira, all these products were capable of being mass produced. The Gestetner photo copier machine got a new design, modern look, but basically all that was done , was that it was repackaged. Advertising became easier because products looked god and different, with all the new designs, taste got better too.
Obsolescence became a reality. This machinism became evident in office environment., bewy a great influence. Due to mass production there was a significant decrease in prices this became a very powerful selling point. The refrigerator was redesigned , everything was modernised to be fashionably acceptable.
Streamlining claimed to be the ultimate form of each object. This streamlined look gave vision of dream homes, and so Futuristic form became so popular.
“the streamlined style not only a phallic technological thrust into a limitless future. It’s dominant image, the rounded, womb-like teardrop egg, expressed also a desire for a passive, static society , in which social and economic frictions engendered by technological acceleration would be eliminated.” - Robert Williams, Art Theory- An Historical Introduction.
Question 2
What is Utopianism? Why are art, design and architecture in the early 20th Century described as utopian?
Utopianism is the idea of creating the perfect most modern world so that everything looks as if it has been modernised. A good example of an idea of Utopianism is Le Corbusier’s plan for the modernization of Paris (the so-called Plan Voisin) pg 185 ,the early 20th Century, beyond nature. This model le Corbusier created is of Paris but what he had done is removed all the old/current buildings and replaced them with new, modern and all identical buildings, and by doing so he had created his Utopia (a modernised paradise)
In order for the Utopian idea to exist, the artists’ had a difficult challenge to overcome, not only did they have to create a new type of art for a new society , but of fashioning a new conception of what the meaning of art really is. THE ART OF THE FUTURE. The Utopian expectations would never be fulfilled, and the extraordinary burst of creativity that they nourished would soon be smothered by brutal state repression.
Readings:
Williams, R., Art Theory: An historical introduction, Blackwell, 2004.
Question 1
Why, according to Modern Design text, did products become more streamlined and machine-like?
Products became more streamlined and machine like due to the increase in industrial designers. Another influence was based on economic decisions, standardisation and obsolescence. Style changed changes less significant and less often. The standardisation was largely influenced by economics, more streamlined , economics of scale, greater profits made mass production become easier. Products were made of new materials: plastics, composition, veneers, alimira, all these products were capable of being mass produced. The Gestetner photo copier machine got a new design, modern look, but basically all that was done , was that it was repackaged. Advertising became easier because products looked god and different, with all the new designs, taste got better too.
Obsolescence became a reality. This machinism became evident in office environment., bewy a great influence. Due to mass production there was a significant decrease in prices this became a very powerful selling point. The refrigerator was redesigned , everything was modernised to be fashionably acceptable.
Streamlining claimed to be the ultimate form of each object. This streamlined look gave vision of dream homes, and so Futuristic form became so popular.
“the streamlined style not only a phallic technological thrust into a limitless future. It’s dominant image, the rounded, womb-like teardrop egg, expressed also a desire for a passive, static society , in which social and economic frictions engendered by technological acceleration would be eliminated.” - Robert Williams, Art Theory- An Historical Introduction.
Question 2
What is Utopianism? Why are art, design and architecture in the early 20th Century described as utopian?
Utopianism is the idea of creating the perfect most modern world so that everything looks as if it has been modernised. A good example of an idea of Utopianism is Le Corbusier’s plan for the modernization of Paris (the so-called Plan Voisin) pg 185 ,the early 20th Century, beyond nature. This model le Corbusier created is of Paris but what he had done is removed all the old/current buildings and replaced them with new, modern and all identical buildings, and by doing so he had created his Utopia (a modernised paradise)
In order for the Utopian idea to exist, the artists’ had a difficult challenge to overcome, not only did they have to create a new type of art for a new society , but of fashioning a new conception of what the meaning of art really is. THE ART OF THE FUTURE. The Utopian expectations would never be fulfilled, and the extraordinary burst of creativity that they nourished would soon be smothered by brutal state repression.
Second Assignment
Question 1
The Cartesian Perspectivism.
This regime is very geometrical and is so mathematical that it is formed from a grid system. It is clinical, geometricalised, it is worked out on analytical grids. All aspects are clinical and scientific and seen through the eye of the beholder and only from his or her perspective. Cartesian perspectivism is also extremely 3D when seen. Everything is seen as if looked through a picture frame. “What you seen is what you get!” Life is seen while standing still. Everything is seen by the beholders perspective and how they perceve visuals. Monocular vision is the term used to describe how things are preserved. Monocular vision refers to only one eye being used, this explains why things would appear to look so geometrical and mathematical, when viewing anything with one eye, the vanishing points all lead to a single point.
Barconian Observationism
There are many differences between “The Cartesian Perspectivism” and “Barconian Observationism”. Barconian Observationism is seen as 2D, This regime is very flat map planed, it also includes words and objects to add to it’s visual space. There are no frames in the Barconian Observationism, there is no monocular vision, the lens is absolutely structural then the Cartesian Perspectivism. The example shown in the text is that light will be reflected off objects that already exist, as apposed to objects being modelled by light and shadow seen in the Cartesian perspectivism. There is a much greater use in colour and texture in the Barconian Observationism, detailed surfaces which are worked on rather then having to be explained. Work that already exists, artists will continue to work on to something that which already exists, and adds to this. The way to travel has already been paved and is completely encompassed in photography.
Baroque.
This regime is sublime, it is composed of suggestions and allegories of obscurity and opacity. This regime also includes moments of unease.
This concept requires “thinking out of the box”. There is no clinical or mathematical like the Cartesian. Baroque is soft focused, there are multiple variables to be considered and is to be taken very open minded. Baroque is seen as irregular and oddly shaped, bizarre and peculiar. Baroque makes use of popular culture and manipulates the culture to how it seems fit. Baroque images are dazzling, disorienting, it is an ecstatic surplus of images . Baroque rejects the use of monocular vision( Cartesian). Baroque is also revolved around the opacity of it’s content, it is also known by the inability to be read and the reality it contains and depicts is indecipherable. Images in the Baroque were like signs, and it tried to represent the unrepresentable, it was all about the “Madness of Vision”.
Question 2
In the reading “Panopticism” written by Michel Foucault the description of “panopticism” used describes the story of how they had to hold mad people and criminals. They built a single tower and around the tower in a circular shape they built rooms with a single opening. This opening allows just enough light so that only the tower is able to see inside the tiny room. The person inside the “cell” is unable to see the person in the tower, the person in the cell is unable to have any contact at all, not with the people in the cells around him/her or the person in the tower. The person is at the absolute mercy of the person in the tower. This description of Panopticism relates to the first of Jay’s scopic regimes: “Cartesian Perspecticism”. It is monocular and so would be the view from person in the cell. Cartesian perspectiism is very geometrical and organised, so too is the picture imagined from the view of both the tower and the view of the prisoner. In the Cartesian perspectivism things were certain , there was only one way to do things and that was it there was no room for new ideas things were set. Similarly the prisioner has no choice, his fate is set that is how things are, that is how things have been, and it is how things will be.
Question 3
The scopic regime that best characterises the internet age would be Baroque. This is because the Baroque regime was about suggestions, and it was sublime there were no limits. Similarly the internet has no limits, if an illegal site is spotted and removed from the net, there will be two more the following day, there is no real way to control what happens on the internet, and because the Baroque regime was irregular and a manipulation of culture it too has no limits. The Baroque regime tried to represent the unrepresentable , it was not mathematical or based on certain rules and regulations
The Cartesian Perspectivism.
This regime is very geometrical and is so mathematical that it is formed from a grid system. It is clinical, geometricalised, it is worked out on analytical grids. All aspects are clinical and scientific and seen through the eye of the beholder and only from his or her perspective. Cartesian perspectivism is also extremely 3D when seen. Everything is seen as if looked through a picture frame. “What you seen is what you get!” Life is seen while standing still. Everything is seen by the beholders perspective and how they perceve visuals. Monocular vision is the term used to describe how things are preserved. Monocular vision refers to only one eye being used, this explains why things would appear to look so geometrical and mathematical, when viewing anything with one eye, the vanishing points all lead to a single point.
Barconian Observationism
There are many differences between “The Cartesian Perspectivism” and “Barconian Observationism”. Barconian Observationism is seen as 2D, This regime is very flat map planed, it also includes words and objects to add to it’s visual space. There are no frames in the Barconian Observationism, there is no monocular vision, the lens is absolutely structural then the Cartesian Perspectivism. The example shown in the text is that light will be reflected off objects that already exist, as apposed to objects being modelled by light and shadow seen in the Cartesian perspectivism. There is a much greater use in colour and texture in the Barconian Observationism, detailed surfaces which are worked on rather then having to be explained. Work that already exists, artists will continue to work on to something that which already exists, and adds to this. The way to travel has already been paved and is completely encompassed in photography.
Baroque.
This regime is sublime, it is composed of suggestions and allegories of obscurity and opacity. This regime also includes moments of unease.
This concept requires “thinking out of the box”. There is no clinical or mathematical like the Cartesian. Baroque is soft focused, there are multiple variables to be considered and is to be taken very open minded. Baroque is seen as irregular and oddly shaped, bizarre and peculiar. Baroque makes use of popular culture and manipulates the culture to how it seems fit. Baroque images are dazzling, disorienting, it is an ecstatic surplus of images . Baroque rejects the use of monocular vision( Cartesian). Baroque is also revolved around the opacity of it’s content, it is also known by the inability to be read and the reality it contains and depicts is indecipherable. Images in the Baroque were like signs, and it tried to represent the unrepresentable, it was all about the “Madness of Vision”.
Question 2
In the reading “Panopticism” written by Michel Foucault the description of “panopticism” used describes the story of how they had to hold mad people and criminals. They built a single tower and around the tower in a circular shape they built rooms with a single opening. This opening allows just enough light so that only the tower is able to see inside the tiny room. The person inside the “cell” is unable to see the person in the tower, the person in the cell is unable to have any contact at all, not with the people in the cells around him/her or the person in the tower. The person is at the absolute mercy of the person in the tower. This description of Panopticism relates to the first of Jay’s scopic regimes: “Cartesian Perspecticism”. It is monocular and so would be the view from person in the cell. Cartesian perspectiism is very geometrical and organised, so too is the picture imagined from the view of both the tower and the view of the prisoner. In the Cartesian perspectivism things were certain , there was only one way to do things and that was it there was no room for new ideas things were set. Similarly the prisioner has no choice, his fate is set that is how things are, that is how things have been, and it is how things will be.
Question 3
The scopic regime that best characterises the internet age would be Baroque. This is because the Baroque regime was about suggestions, and it was sublime there were no limits. Similarly the internet has no limits, if an illegal site is spotted and removed from the net, there will be two more the following day, there is no real way to control what happens on the internet, and because the Baroque regime was irregular and a manipulation of culture it too has no limits. The Baroque regime tried to represent the unrepresentable , it was not mathematical or based on certain rules and regulations
Lecture 1
Modernity: Person living in modern times.
Modern: Of the present and recent times,(1500 onwards) . Current fashions (in which modern arts, not classical or technical, subjects are chiefly or executively taught)..
Modernism: Modern view or method, tendency in matters of religious belief to subordinate tradition to harmony with modern thought.
Modernisation: Keeping up with new and present time, to become modern.
Humanism
Humanism is the belief that human’s should rules themselves by their own moral law and not be influenced by the law of a supreme being, ie; God and Christianity. Relying totally on their own ability and rejecting the authority of the Church. Humanism also has the welfare of the human race and furthering their cause by their own efforts.
Positivism
Is the belief that humans are born like blank sheet of paper with no pre-planning, and that all knowledge is acquired by personal experience or by education on various subjects. Observation is the only source of substantial knowledge.
Materialism
Revolves around the desire for money and possession rather then ethical, and spiritual values. Materialistic people are totally driven and will sacrifice everything to increase their material wealth. Hence the phrase was coined; “ Money makes the world go round.”
Enlightenment
When a person is educated and has a sense of understanding about how certain ideas and philosophies come to be, that person has reached a level of enlightenment. When an individual also challenges existing ideas of social sophistication trying to find new and original ideas.
Modernity: Person living in modern times.
Modern: Of the present and recent times,(1500 onwards) . Current fashions (in which modern arts, not classical or technical, subjects are chiefly or executively taught)..
Modernism: Modern view or method, tendency in matters of religious belief to subordinate tradition to harmony with modern thought.
Modernisation: Keeping up with new and present time, to become modern.
Humanism
Humanism is the belief that human’s should rules themselves by their own moral law and not be influenced by the law of a supreme being, ie; God and Christianity. Relying totally on their own ability and rejecting the authority of the Church. Humanism also has the welfare of the human race and furthering their cause by their own efforts.
Positivism
Is the belief that humans are born like blank sheet of paper with no pre-planning, and that all knowledge is acquired by personal experience or by education on various subjects. Observation is the only source of substantial knowledge.
Materialism
Revolves around the desire for money and possession rather then ethical, and spiritual values. Materialistic people are totally driven and will sacrifice everything to increase their material wealth. Hence the phrase was coined; “ Money makes the world go round.”
Enlightenment
When a person is educated and has a sense of understanding about how certain ideas and philosophies come to be, that person has reached a level of enlightenment. When an individual also challenges existing ideas of social sophistication trying to find new and original ideas.
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)
